Storefront frameworks: Next.js 15 (App Router, RSC), Shopify Hydrogen 2024+, Remix, Astro for content-heavy
Commerce engines: Shopify Plus, Shopify (standard), BigCommerce, Commercetools, Medusa.js, Saleor, Swell
Headless CMS: Sanity, Contentful, Storyblok, Hygraph, Builder.io for landing pages and merchandising
Search & merchandising: Algolia, Typesense, Searchspring, Klevu, Constructor.io
Payments: Stripe, Stripe Connect (marketplaces), Adyen, Braintree, PayPal, Klarna, Afterpay, Affirm, Shop Pay
Subscriptions: Shopify Subscriptions, Recharge, Stay, Bold, Stripe Billing, Lago for usage-based
ERP / 3PL / WMS: NetSuite, SAP B1, Dynamics 365, ShipStation, ShipBob, Shippo, EasyPost, Veeqo, Cin7
Tax & compliance: Avalara AvaTax, TaxJar, Vertex; PCI DSS SAQ A scoping by tokenizing through PSPs
Analytics & CRO: GA4, GTM, PostHog, Hotjar, Microsoft Clarity, Northbeam, Triple Whale, Convert / VWO for A/B testing
Performance: Cloudflare CDN, Vercel Edge, image optimization (Cloudinary, ImgIX, next/image), Core Web Vitals enforcement in CI